Nature of Molecule

Onllogy, in this article, is going to explain you about the Molecules and its type. ANd also about the chemical species and also about the free radical.

Molecule

It is defined as "An atom having covalent bond and exist freely in nature is known as molecule". Such as O_2,H₂etc.

Types of Molecule

There are six types of molecules and these are

Monoatomic Molecule
Diatomic Molecule
Triatomic Molecule
Polyatomic Molecule
Homo atomic Molecule
Hetero atomic Molecule

Monoatomic Molecule:A Molecule consisting only one atom is called monoatomic Molecule. Example is all noble gases.
Diatomic Molecule:A Molecule consisting only two atom is called diatomic Molecule. Example is H_2, Cl₂etc.
Triatomic Molecule:A Molecule consisting only three atom is called tri atomic Molecule. Example is H₂O, O₃etc.
Polyatomic Molecule:A Molecule consisting only three atom is called Polyatomic Molecule. Example is H_2, Cl₂etc.
Homo atomic Molecule: A Molecule consisting only same type of atom is called Homo atomic Molecule. Example is H_2,O₃etc.
Hetero atomic Molecule:A Molecule consisting different type of atom is called Hetero atomic Molecule. Example is H_2, Cl₂etc.

Chemical Species

It is defined as "The species like ions, molecular ion and free radical which form the basis of compound is called chemical species".

Types of chemical species

Ion: Any charge particle is called ion. It has two type. First Cation ion and second anions

Cation ion: Those ions which has positive charge is called cations and it is formed by the loss of electron.
Anions: Those ions which has Negative charge is called anions and it is formed by the gain of electron.

Molecular ion: A group of atom having charge is called molecular ion. It can be anions and cations but the number of anions is greater than cations. Such as CH₄, N₂, He+ etc.

Radical or Free radical:An atom or group of atom having unpaired of electron is called radical.

It is represented by putting the dot over the symbol of an element.

25 February 2015