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| Water Borne Diseases |
Water Pollution
Any substance present in water which brings any physical, biological or
chemical change in the natural properties of a water and
the
substances which pollute these water is called water pollutants and this process
is called water pollution. The physical change refers to change in color, taste
or smell of water and biological or chemical change refers to the alternation
of natural properties. Such as heavy metals like lead, arsenic, mercury and
other pollutants like organic toxic, insecticides, oils and other materials
that cause cancer and is poisonous and dangerous.
Types of waste that pollutes water
There are three types of waste that
pollutes the water. First industrial wastes, second household wastes and third
agriculture waste.
1 . Industrial waste
Industry releases large amount of toxic waste in water which
may or may not dissolve in it. Such has heavy metals like lead, arsenic and
mercury and organic wastes too.
Problems
the water pollution damages the life of all
organism. Where water pollution also endanger the aquatic life and also when
the polluted water is used by humans for cultivation or drinking purposes it
causes fatal(to kill) effects on them. It also directly or indirectly endanger
to all living thing and also to our ecosystem.
2 . Household wastes
Households usually containing organic matters which on mixing
with ground water make it unfit for drinking. Beside organic matter household
wastes also contain insecticides, foods wastes, soap, garbage etc.
Problems
Households
also contain various type of germs which may cause hepatitis, cholera, GIT (Gastro
Intestinal tract) and typhoid etc.
3 . Agriculture wastes
It includes pesticides and fertilizers (both organic and
inorganic). These pollutants or wastes are washed away by the water and then
mixed with water reservoirs and thus pollute or contaminate the water
reservoirs on large scale.
Problems
These
wastes are very dangerous for marine animals and thus killing the aquatic life.
And also these wastes cause diseases to human being when the polluted water is
taken or use by us.
Water Borne Diseases
Water borne diseases
The diseases that are caused by drinking polluted water or
eating the food which is prepared by polluted water is called water borne
diseases.
Causes
It can
cause even death to living organism when water is polluted by the fertilizers,
animals wastes, agriculture wastes, compounds of mercury, cadmium (Cd), lead,
chromium, arsenic and micro – organism such as viruses and bacteria etc. some
of the pollutants like high fluoride content can cause abnormalities to bone
formation of living organism. There is a large list of diseases causes by germs
that nourish in polluted water. Some of most common diseases are as follow
i . Gastro or Gastric intestinal Diseases
The diseases of intestinal is called
gastro or gastric intestinal diseases. It is the most common diseases in our
country. It is caused by micro – organism like viruses and bacteria present in
polluted water. This diseases kill thousands of humans each years. The main
disease of this series is cholera and diarrhea.
ii . Hepatitis
It is the
disease that damages liver and is caused by viruses present in polluted water.
iii . GIT worms
There are
many worms in GIT (Gastro intestinal tract), especially small intestine of
humans. Such as round worms, hook worms, tap worms, pin worms and whip worms
etc. it is also caused by polluted water.
Iv . Jaundice
It is a
yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous, membranes and amounts of bilirubin in
blood. It is mostly seen is liver diseases such as hepatitis or liver diseases.
It may also indicate obstruction of the biliary tract for example by gallstones
or pancreatic cancer.
v . Typhoid fever
It is a
bacterial diseases which is caused by spreads of polluted water.it is a fatal
(to kill) disease if not treated well. Beside these all diseases as mentioned
above there are many other diseases which is linked with polluted water overt
(direct) and covert (indirect). Such as Malaria where most of the viruses and
bacteria has their life cycle in water hence polluted water is the main cause
of disease and we should to be careful while taking the water.
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